Focus can be broad or narrow. We will be looking at narrow focus first.
Narrow focus is contrastive: it is used when one part of an utterance is particularly emphasised, at the expense of the rest.
A: So you went for two weeks?
B. Bill went for two weeks; I went for three weeks. 
In this example, the underlined words constitute narrow focus. It occurs on 'new' material, i.e. on a word that has not been uttered by the previous speaker.
In the following exercises, we will contrast utterances that are identical apart from the differing place of prominence, so that the focus is demonstrated clearly. You will begin by distinguishing whether the focus is the same or different in two utterances which involve the same words; then you will be asked to identify which item carries the focus.
