___ ___ __________ ___________ ___________ / /| / /| / _____ /| / ________/| / ________/| / /____/ / / / /____/ / / / / _______|/ / / _______|/ / ____ / / / _______/ / / /_______ / / / ____ / / ___/ / / / / _______/ |______ /| / / / /_ /| / / / / / / / / / ________/ / / / /______/ / / /__/ / /__/ / /__/ / /__________/ / /___________/ / |__|/ |__|/ |__|/ |__________|/ |___________|/ ___ ___ ____ ___ ___ ___ ___ | | | / | | | | | _ |___| / |__ | | |__ | | | | / | | | | |___| | | /___ |___ | | |___ Issue 1, 28.Sept.96
Dear Reader,
This is the first issue of the HPSG Gazette, a newsletter intended to collect and distribute HPSG related information. The HPSG Gazette appears every three months and contains the information you send to
as well as the bibliographical information submitted to Stefan Müller's HPSG Bibliography page
Since first announcing the newsletter, we received many interesting submissions, and we would like to thank everyone who contributed to this issue. In order to make the gazette more flexible, we decided to structure each issue of the gazette according to the information received, rather than automatically sort the submissions into fixed slots according to the subject headers. Submissions therefore are no longer required to bear specific subject headers.
We hope you will find this collection useful and would like to encourage you to submit any HPSG-related information.
Regards,
Detmar Meurers
Adam Przepiorkowski
Cornell University -- Ithaca, New York
July 18-20, 1997
(held in conjunction with the 1997 Linguistic Institute)
Further information will be available soon ...
Anne Abeille (Talana, U. Paris 7)
Daniele Godard (CNRS, U. Paris 7)
Philip Miller (U. Lille 3)
Ivan Sag (Stanford U.)
SFB 340, Stuttgart/Tübingen
Universitaet Tübingen
30.9.1996-3.10.1996
Conference Site: Room 027, Neuphilologikum (Brecht Bau), Wilhemstr. 50, Tübingen
Monday, 30.9. 9.30--10.30 Uwe Reyle: Requirements for Underspecified Representations 10.30--11.30 Richard Crouch: Underspecification and Glue Languages 12.00--13.00 Kurt Eberle: Underspecification of Lexical Entries in UDRSs 14.30--15.30 Manfred Pinkal: Scope Underspecification with Higher Order Constraints 15.30--16.30 Esther Koenig: Inference on UDRSs 17.00--18.00 Markus Egg & Michael Herweg: Underspecification and Modification 18.00--19.00 Reinhard Muskens: Underspecification and Linguistic Information Tuesday, 1.10. 9.30--10.30 Dieter Wunderlich: What is a Possible Structural Argument? 10.30--11.30 Joerg Mayer: Prosodic Correlates of Discourse Structures 12.00--13.00 Julia Hirschberg: The Pragmatics of Prosodic Variation 14.30--15.30 Thilo Goetz: Logic and Interpretation of the ConTroll System 15.30--16.30 Bob Kasper: Recursive Modification and Type Shifting 17.00--19.00 Demos 20.00 George Miller: The Mental Lexicon Buffet Wednesday, 2.10. 9.30--10.30 Hans Kamp & Werner Frey: Bare Plurals: Interpretation and Syntax 10.30--11.30 Renate Musan: On Present Perfect in German 12.00--13.00 Cecile Meier & Inga Kohlhof: Presupposition and Information Structure 14.30--15.30 Roger Schwarzschild: Optimal Focussing 15.30--16.30 Daniel Buering: Theories of De-accenting 17.00--18.00 Sigrid Beck & Shin-Sook Kim: Scrambling and LF-Barriers 18.00--19.00 Steven Abney & Mats Rooth: Induction of Lexical Semantics 20.00 Party Thursday, 3.10. 9.30--10.30 Elisabet Engdahl: Current Approaches to Unbounded Dependencies 10.30--11.30 Manfred Sailer & Frank Richter: Extraction in the HPSG Fragment 12.00--13.00 Axel Heilmann & Angelika Woellstein: The Syntax-Semantic Interface Conditions of Infinitival Complementation 14.30--15.30 Gisbert Fanselow: The Proper Interpretation of the Minimal Link Condition 15.30--16.30 Uli Lutz: Syntactic Chains and Representations 17.00--18.00 Hans Peter Kolb: Substantial vs. Formal Universals 18.00--19.00 Ed Keenan: Syntactic InvariantsFor more information contact:
Friday, October 18 9:30-10:00 Chris Wilder (Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin) 'Phrasal Movement in LF: de re Readings, VP-Ellipsis and Binding' 10:00-10:30 Eric Potsdam (University of California, San Diego) 'English Verbal Morphology and VP Ellipsis' 10:30-11:00 Ralph Blight (University of Texas, Austin) Verb Movement and the Distribution of Copular be' 11:00-11:30 Andrew Carnie (University of Michigan) 'On the Notions X0 and XP' 11:30-1:00 Lunch Break 1:00-1:30 Tracy Holloway King (Stanford University) 'The Prosodic Status of A/A'-Heads in Slavic' 1:30-2:00 Strang Burton (University of British Columbia) 'Past Tense on Nouns as Death, Destruction, and Loss' 2:00-2:30 Nigel Duffield (McGill University) 'Distributed Mutation' 2:30-2:45 Tea Break 2:45-3:15 James Giangola (Sensory, Inc.) 'Constraint Interaction and Brazilian Portuguese Glide Distribution' 3:15-3:45 Diamandis Gafos (University of Massachusetts, Amherst) 'A New Distinctive Feature (Cross-Sectional Channel)' 3:45-4:15 Helga Humbert (P.J. Meertens-Instituut (KNAW), Amsterdam) 'On the Asymmetrical Nature of Nasal Obstruent Relations' 4:15-4:30 Tea Break 4:30-5:00 Gillian Catriona Ramchand (Oxford University) 'Questions, Polarity and Alternative Semantics' 5:00-5:30 David Adger (University of York) & Josep Quer (Utrecht University) 'Subjunctives, Clausal Polarity Items, and Unselected Embedded Questions' 5:30-6:00 Sabine Iatridou (University of Pennsylvania) 'The Grammatical Ingredients of Counterfactuality' Saturday, October 19 9:00-9:30 Eric Raimy & William Idsardi (University of Delaware) 'A Minimalist Approach to Reduplication in OT' 9:30-10:00 John Alderete (University of Massachusetts, Amherst) 'Dissimilation as Local Conjunction' 10:00-10:30 Mark Hale & Charles Reiss (Concordia University) 'How to Parse (and How Not to) in OT Phonology' 10:30-10:45 Tea Break 10:45-11:15 Lea Nash & Alain Rouveret (Universite Paris 8) 'Proxy Categories in Phrase-Structure Theory' 11:15-11:45 Anders Holmberg (University of Tromso) 'The True Nature of Holmberg's Generalization' 11:45-12:15 Knut Tarald Taraldsen (University of Tromso) 'The que/qui-Alternation Meets the Wizard of Id' 12:15-2:00 Lunch Break 2:00-2:30 Orin Percus (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) 'Prying Open the Cleft' 2:30-3:00 Jeffrey Lidz (University of Delaware) 'When is a Reflexive not a Reflexive?: Near Reflexivity and Condition R' 3:00-3:30 Roland Hinterholzl (University of Southern California) 'Infinitival Tense, Verb Raising and Verb Projection Raising' 3:30-3:45 Tea Break 3:45-4:15 Caroline Laws Smith (University of Ottawa) 'Fricative Devoicing: Effects of Prosodic Context on a Lenition Process' 4:15-4:45 Trisha Causley (University of Toronto) 'Featural Correspondence and Identity: the Athapaskan Case' 4:45-5:15 Mike Cahill (Ohio State /SIL)& Frederick Parkinson (Ohio State University) 'Partial Class Behaviour and Feature Geometry: Remarks on Feature Class Theory' 5:15-5:45 Business Meeting ????? Party Sunday, October 20 9:00-9:30 Rejean Canac Marquis (University of Quebec, Montreal) 'Weak and Weakest Crossovers are Derivational' 9:30-10:00 Matthew Pearson (University of California, Los Angeles) 'Pied-Piping into the Left Periphery: Malagasy as a Discourse-Configulational Language' 10:00-10:30 Diane Massam & Carolyn Smallwood (University of Toronto) 'Essential Features of Predication in English and Niuean' 10:30-10:45 Tea Break 10:45-11:15 William Snyder & Deborah Chen (U of Connecticut) 'On the Syntax-Morphology Interface in the Acquisition of French and English' 11:15-11:45 Arild Hestvik (University of Bergen) & William Philip (University of Utrecht / University of Bergen) 'Reflexivity, Anti-Subject Orientation and Language Acquisition' 11:45-12:15 Lynn Nichols (Harvard University) 'DP and Polysynthesis' 12:15-12:45 Mark C. Baker & Osamuyimen Thompson Stewart (McGill University) 'Unaccusativity and the Adjective-Verb Distinction: Edo Evidence' Alternate Papers Samira Farwaneh (University of Utah) 'Reduction and Augmentation in Arabic: the Role of Uniform Exponence and Base-Identity' Kumiko Murasugi (Carleton University / University of Ottawa) 'Relative Restriction on Relative Clauses' Shengsheng Zhu (University of Arizona) 'Scope of Negation and Discourse Relations' NELS 27 Registration Committee Department of Linguistics McGill University 1001 Sherbrooke W. Montreal, Qc. H3A 1G5 Canada Questions should be directed to NELS@musicb.mcgill.ca
THE SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS OF PREDICATION
The University of Texas at Austin
March 7-9, 1997
Invited Speakers: Edwin Williams (Princeton University) Susan Rothstein (Bar-Ilan University) William Ladusaw (The University of California, Santa Cruz) Abstracts are invited for 30 minute talks (with 10 additional minutes for discussion) on any topic related to the syntax and/or semantics of predication. Potential topics include, but are not limited to: * Syntactic conditions on predication: c-command, interactions with theta roles, control, binding, coordination, ellipsis, the issue of small clauses, etc. * Types of predication: verbal/nonverbal, primary/secondary, categorical/thetic, individual level/stage level, etc. * Interpretation, scope, focus, presupposition, quantification, discourse factors, etc. * The role of heads: copular be, pronominal elements, predicate clitics, etc. * The syntax and semantics of resultatives * Predication in the minimalist framework, GB, HPSG, LFG, autolexical theory, etc. * Predication in the noun phrase Abstracts must be no more than one 8 1/2" by 11" page, single-spaced, and in at least 12-point font (10-point for examples), with one inch margins on all sides. One additional page with references, diagrams, and data may be appended if necessary. All submissions must include the following items: * 6 anonymous copies of the abstract * 1 3x5" card with name, affiliation, address, phone number, email address, and title of paper Deadline for receipt of abstracts is November 1, 1996. Send abstracts to: TLS Abstract Committee Calhoun 501 The University of Texas at Austin Austin, TX 78712 Abstracts received after the deadline will not be considered. Fax submissions will not be accepted. Instructions for email submissions are available upon request. An individual may submit at most one single and one co-authored paper. Accepted presenters will be notified by mid-December, 1996. If presenters wish to have their papers included in the conference proceedings, they must submit a camera-ready copy by May 15, 1997. Proceedings will be published by the Texas Linguistic Forum. Preregistration for the conference is $15.00 (US) for students, $25.00 for nonstudents. For further information, contact tls@uts.cc.utexas.edu or check out our Web Page at http://uts.cc.utexas.edu/~tls/
ORGANIZERS: Anne Abeille (U Paris 7), Paola Monachesi (U. Tübingen)
Description: One of the aims of recent work in generative grammar has been to integrate the results of more traditional linguistic typology. As regards the well known family of Romance languages, what has been proposed in the Principles and Parameters framework (Pro-drop, Verb movement to AGR) is not sufficient to precisely characterize their specific syntactic properties. The aim of this workshop was to present current research on Romance languages within surface-based grammar formalisms to see whether these frameworks may shed more light on syntactic typology . While the emphasis was on recent work within Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG), comparisons with related work within Categorial Grammar and Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) were made. The topics explored included different aspects of the verbal domain (modal and `auxiliary' verbs, causatives, pronominal clitics, negation, and word order). The languages considered were mostly French, Italian and Spanish.
PROGRAM: Monday 19 - Paola Monachesi (Tübingen): 'Clitic Climbing and Restructuring Verbs in Italian' - Esther Kraak (Utrecht): 'French Pronominal Clitics, A Modal Categorial Grammar Approach' - Philip Miller (Lille 3), Ivan Sag (Stanford): 'Templatic Morphology for French Clitics' Tuesday 20 - Anne Abeille, Daniele Godard (Paris 7): 'Auxiliaries and Causatives in French' - Benoit Robichaud (Paris 7): 'A Syntactic Approach to French Clitics in HPSG' Wednesday 21 - Christopher Manning (Sydney): 'Complex Predicates in Romance (an LFG Approach)' - Josep Fontana (Barcelona): 'On the Sources of Variation in Clause Reduction Phenomena (Spanish, Catalan)' Thursday 22 - Anne Abeille, Daniele Godard (Paris): 'Copula and `Esse' Auxiliary in French and Italian' - Luca Dini (Pisa): 'Auxiliary Selection and Unaccusatives in Italian' - Daniele Godard, Ivan Sag, Anne Abeille: 'Reflexives and binding in French' Friday 23 - Paola Monachesi (Tübingen): 'Reflexives in Italian' - Ivan Sag (Stanford): 'Negation in French and English' - Luca Dini (Pisa): 'Null Objects in Italian'COMMENTS (from Anne Abeille): The workshop was successful in attracting more than 40 people everyday, even though lots of interesting classes or workshop were being held in parallel during the same time slot. It was also successful for the exchange of data from different Romance languages (especially from a dozen people from Romania who were part of the audience) and also for the comparison of analyses and frameworks. HPSG was used by 9 speakers out of 13, but there was an excellent scientific atmosphere that made it clear that people working in HPSG , LFG and CG can share a lot. Unfortunately, there were too many talks scheduled, making it difficult to have sufficient discussion. This was partly remedied by having 2 hour, instead of 90 minute slots in the last 3 days.
The clear conclusions to be drawn are that: (1) there is a growing Romance syntactic community that is not happy with the GB monopoly of Romance conferences such as Going Romance and (2) we should get organized. Luca Dini and Sergio Balari are editing a special CSLI volume called HPSG for Romance, to be out early in 1997. Paola Monachesi is maintaining a web site on the syntax of romance languages:
where the abstracts of all the ESSLLI talks and some related papers can be found as well as an embryonic bibliography. It would be great if open minded Romance syntacticians could have a look at this site and help improve it by adding information to it including pointers to their papers.
MISC.: A number of Rumanian researchers were present at ESSLLI, some of whom are interested in making contacts with researchers in the HPSG community. Among these are Emil Ionescu and Ana Maria Barbu (ana@nlpz.ici.ro) and Amalia Todirascu (amalia@infoiasi.ro).
This symposium revealed a remarkable degree of convergence among different approaches to the problem of non-constituent coordination. Milward's work on Dynamic Grammars served as a direct inspiration for work by Chris Manning (with John Maxwell) in LFG and work by Jim Blevins and Ivan Sag in HPSG. The open discussion in Prague focussed on key data and also on the differences and similarities among the various approaches.
Anne Abeille's lexical HPSG analysis of the interestingly different French coordination data was presented and discussed, as was the categorial grammar analysis presented by Polly Jacobson. Jacobson's analysis was particularly interesting, as it crucially abandoned the use of function composition for leftward extraction, adopting the feature-based alternative suggested by Dick Oehrle (WCCFL 1990), which is a phrase structure-categorial grammar blend quite in the spirit of HPSG.
Abstracts can be found at the following website:
Among the 20 papers presented at the first ESSLLI student session in Prague two were related to HPSG:
1. Zelal G"ung"ord"u (gungordu@cogsci.ed.ac.uk)
In this talk a parsing algorithm for head-final languages based on HPSG was presented which attaches every word in a global structure as soon as it is encountered. It was shown how the algorithm works for Turkish, a "free" word-order, head-final language. The main feature of the approach is to make use of certain language specific properties and certain features of the underlying formalism in building the structure incrementally.
2. Kordula De Kuthy (dekuthi@sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de)
The talk started out with the question whether the pied-piping of infinitives in German relative clauses should be analyzed in a linearization-based account or as an unbounded dependency construction. It was then shown that there is clear empirical evidence for a UDC approach. Two different theories for the pied-piping construction were provided: one based on the relative clause analysis of Pollard and Sag (1994, chapter 5), the other on the new proposal for relative clauses by Sag (1995).
Both papers are published in
Anne-Marie Mineur (ed.): 'Proceedings of the First ESSLLI Student Session'
The following HPSG-related events took place during the "International Center Workshop on Computational Linguistics at the University of Tübingen", 16-27 September, 1996:
Nancy, France, 23-25 September 96
Co-organized by INRIA-Lorraine and CRIN-C.N.R.S.
This work seeks to integrate constraint-based grammar formalisms like HPSG with resource-sensitive, deductive systems like Type Logical Grammar (Morrill 1994). Various linguistic topics are explored within this architecture, including: a constraint-based account of coordination and gapping, the introduction of generalized quantifiers into a system like HPSG, and binding theoretic constraints within TLG-style frameworks.
It is often assumed that there is a small number of primitive, universal, and perhaps innate syntactic categories. Mixed category constructions involve lexical items that seem to be central members of more that one part of speech and so pose a problem for the standard view of syntactic categories. For example, the verbal gerund phrase in (1) has some internal properties of a VP but the external distribution of an NP.
(1) Chris worried about Pat's frequently eating hamburgers.
The verbal gerund "losing" has both verbal and nominal properties. It combines with a direct object and an adverb, but it also combines with possessor and occurs as the object of a preposition. This dissertation will develop an HPSG analysis of this and other mixed category constructions based on a more fine-grained theory of syntactic categories. A category like "noun" is actually a bundle of recurring grammatical information represented as constraints on types in the hierarchical lexicon. Mixed categories have an atypical combination of information. For example, the verbal gerund shares the distributional properties of nouns and the selectional properties of verbs, but is not a member of either category per se. Since under this view different dimensions of grammatical information can, in principle, vary independently, the behavior of mixed categories creates no paradox.
This thesis investigates the role of off-line grammar compilation for natural language processing with constraint-based grammars, more specifically logic and HPSG grammars. A number of important problems with respect to generation and parsing with such grammars are considered and it is shown that off-line grammar compilation can be used to solve these problems in an elegant fashion. The grammar compilation techniques developed in this thesis have in common that they are not geared toward a particular processing direction, i.e., they can be used for both generation and parsing. This direction independence is desirable as it supports reversible natural language processing which is known to be attractive both from a theoretical and a practical perspective.
Statistical methods can be used to improve any feature-based parser's performance on sets of similar grammars, e.g. grammars representative of the same syntactic theory. I will apply classification techniques to several problems which any feature-based parser must face, such as memoizing feature structures and static profiling for grammar compilation. I will also design and implement a Feature Structure Abstract Machine, on which many of the current generation of feature-based parsing systems may be implemented to take advantage of these optimizations.
This dissertation argues that German separable prefixes are words, not prefixes or morphemes in compounds.
This work will show that one does not need to assume lexical entries for every prefix/verb combination. Syntactic relations and semantic selection can account for the large number of compositional prefix/verb combinations.
Within transformational grammar, the widely assumed approach on operator scope involves movement of quantifier phrases or wh-phrases in some level of representations. Within HPSG, such topics as quantifier scope, adjuncts, and syntax of interrogatives have been dealt with only individually, and the account of interrogative scope in various languages have not been explored. This thesis aims at providing a non-transformational syntax/semantics interface theory that offers a unified account of those topics.
I propose an extended and revised version of Pollard & Sag's (1994) theory of quantifier scope that utilizes quantifier storage mechanism. By lexicalizing quantifier storage mechanism, the revised version enables lexical heads to access their arguments' quantifier storage, thus providing an account of scope possibilities in raising constructions and UDCs. Moreover I show how Kasper's (1995) proposal on adjuncts can be incorporated in order to account for quantifier scope facts in the examples containing adjuncts, especially postnominal adjuncts. Recognizing that quantifier retrieval is necessary at both phrasal nodes and lexical heads allows to explain a wider range of scope facts, including interrogative scope.
Wh-phrases are assumed to be the same kind of semantic object as quantifiers. The proposed account of wh-scope is, then, based on the revised theory of quantifier scope. Thus interrogative scope in wh-in-situ languages is determined in essentially the same way as quantifier scope, by contrast to a common approach wherein wh-in-situ languages are analyzed in terms of mechanisms motivated for syntactic wh-movement languages. The present approach naturally explains why in-situ wh-phrases do not observe some constraints that fronting of wh-phrases does. Interrogative scope in various types of wh-questions across languages are explained in terms of different licensing conditions on wh-retrieval. For example, in a wh-in-situ language in which interrogatives are marked morphologically, such a condition requires the presence of a question morpheme, which is represented by a feature value. On the other hand, in a syntactic wh-movement language in which the syntactic position of a wh-phrase determines questionhood, wh-retrieval should be syntactically licensed. A syntactic licensing condition appears in a loosened form in an optional wh-movement language.
In the remainder of the thesis, a number of related issues such as scope interaction between wh-phrases and quantifier phrases, scope of amount quantifier wh-phrases, and multiple wh-questions are taken up to be reconsidered under the proposed analysis of operator scope.
since the service has been started. The full HPSG bibliography, including the HPSG bibliography started at OSU, can be found at the above address.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------- @incollection{Abeille:Godard:ea:96, author = "Anne Abeill{\'e} and Dani{\`e}le Godard and Philip H. Miller and Ivan Sag", booktitle = "HPSG for Romance", editor = "L. Dini", number = "??", pages = "??", publisher = "CSLI Publications", series = "Lecture Notes", title = "French bounded dependencies", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Abeille:Godard:ea:95, address = "Montreal", author = "Anne Abeill{\'e} and Dani{\`e}le Godard and Philip H. Miller", booktitle = "Actes du second colloque des lexiques grammaires compares", editor = "J. Labelle", publisher = "UQAM", title = "La double structure des causatifs et des verbes de perception", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @article{Abeille:Godard:96, address = "Larousse", author = "Anne Abeill{\'e} and Dani{\`e}le Godard", journal = "Languages", title = "La complementation des auxiliaires en francais", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @incollection{Abeille:Godard:, author = "Anne Abeill{\'e} and Dani{\`e}le Godard", booktitle = "Negation", editor = "P. Hirschbuhler", publisher = "Cambridge Univ Press", title = "The syntax of French negative adverbs", year = "forthcoming" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Batliner:96, author = "Batliner, Anton, Anke Feldhaus, Stefan Gei\ss ler, Andreas Kie\ss ling, Tibor Kiss, Ralf Kompe, Elmar N\"{o}th", booktitle = "Proceedings of the COLING 1996, Kopenhagen", email = "stefan.geissler@heidelbg.ibm.com", title = "Integrating Syntactic and Prosodic Information for the Efficient Detection of Empty Categories", url = "http://xxx.lanl.gov/ps/cmp-lg/9607004" year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @book{Borsley:96, author = "Robert D. Borsley", number = "11", publisher = "Blackwell Publishers", series = "Blackwell textbooks in linguistics", title = "Modern Phrase Structure Grammar", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @incollection{Borsley:no-year, address = "Berlin", author = "Robert D. Borsley", booktitle = "Syntax -- Ein internationales Handbuch zeitgen\"ossischer Forschung", editor = "Joachim Jacobs and Arnim {von Stechow} and Wolfgang Sterenfeld and Theo Vennemann", pages = "570--581", publisher = "W. de Gruyter Verlag", series = "Handb\"ucher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft", title = "Phrase Structure Grammar", volume = "Band 9.1", } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Bouma:Noord:94, address = "New Mexico", author = "Gosse Bouma and Gertjan van Noord", booktitle = "32th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics", homepage = "http://www.let.rug.nl/~vannoord/", title = "Constraint-based Categorial Grammar", url = "http://www.let.rug.nl/~vannoord/papers/", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1994" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @incollection{Bouma:Nerbonne:94, address = "Berlin", author = "Gosse Bouma and John Nerbonne", booktitle = "KONVENS '94", editor = "Harald Trost", publisher = "Springer-Verlag", title = "Lexicons for Feature-Based Systems", url = "http://www.let.rug.nl/~nerbonne/papers/lexic.ps", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1994" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Branco:96, author = "Ant\'{o}nio Branco", booktitle = "Proceedings of COLING 96", email = "Antonio.Branco@di.fc.ul.pt", month = "August", organization = "Center for Sprogteknologi", pages = "149--156", title = "Branching Split Obliqueness at the Syntax-Semantics Interface", volume = "1", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Calcagno:95, author = "Mike Calcagno", booktitle = "Proceedings of ESSLLI7 Conference on Formal Grammar", email = "calcagno@ling.ohio-state.edu", homepage = "http://ling.ohio-state.edu/People/MikeCalcagno.html", publisher = "Universidad Politecnica de Catalunya, Barcelona", title = "Interpreting Lexical Rules", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Creary:Gawron:ea:89, author = "Lewis G. Creary and J. Mark Gawron and John Nerbonne", booktitle = "Proc. of the 29th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics", pages = "42-50", title = "Reference to Locations", year = "1989" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @techreport{Czuba:Przepiorkowski:95, author = "Krzysztof Czuba and Adam Przepi{\'o}rkowski", homepage = "http://www.ipipan.waw.pl/mmgroup/hpsg.html", institution = "Institute of Computer Science, Polish Academy of Sciences", month = "aug", number = "783", title = "Agreement and Case Assignment in {Polish}: An Attempt at a Unified Account", url = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~adamp/agrcase.ps.gz", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Davis:92, author = "Anthony R. Davis", booktitle = "Papers from the 28th Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistics Society", email = "tdavis@csli.stanford.edu", editor = "Costas Canakis and Grace P. Chan and Jeanette Marshall Denton", pages = "94--108", title = "Missing heads and empty subjects: Underspecification in Hausa VP's", year = "1992" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Diagne:Nerbonne:92, address = "Berlin", author = "Abdel Kader Diagne and John Nerbonne", booktitle = "{KONVENS} 92", editor = "G\"unter G\"oerz", pages = "348-352", publisher = "Springer", title = "Flexible Semantics Communication in Integrated Speech/Language Architectures", year = "1992" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Frank:Reyle:95, address = "Dublin", author = "Anette Frank and Uwe Reyle", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 7th Conference of the {EACL}", pages = "9--16", title = "Principle Based Semantics for HPSG", url = "http://www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/ftp/pub/papers/frank+reyle/eacl-pbs-HPSG.ps.gz", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Gawron:Nerbonne:ea:91, address = "Stanford University", author = "Jean Mark Gawron and John Nerbonne and Stanley Peters", booktitle = "Proc. of the Second Conference on Situation Theory and Its Applications", editor = "Jon Barwise and Jean Mark Gawron and Gordon Plotkin", publisher = "CSLI Lecture Notes", title = "The Absorption Principle and E-Type Anaphora", year = "1991" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Geissler:95, author = "Gei{\ss}ler, Stefan", booktitle = "Topics in Constraint Grammar Formalisms for Computational Linguistics, Papers presented at the Workshop on Grammar Formalisms for Natural Language Processing", editor = "Griffith, John, Erhard W. Hinrichs and Tsuneko Nakazawa", number = "04-95", series = "SfS", title = "Lexical Rules as Relational Dependencies", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @unpublished{Geissler:95b, author = "Gei{\ss}ler, Stefan", month = "August", note = "Paper presented at the Workshop: Constraint Based Formalisms and Grammar Writing, ESSLLI 1995, Barcelona", title = "Towards Using HPSG in Speech Parsing", url = "http://www.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/ftp/pub/Users/jochen/Esslli95/reader.html", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @article{Godard:Sag:96, address = "Larousse", author = "Dani{\`e}le Godard and Ivan Sag", journal = "Langue francaise", title = "Quels complements de nom peut on extraire en francais ?", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Goetz:Meurers:96, address = "Marseille, France", author = "Thilo G{\"o}tz and Walt Detmar Meurers", booktitle = "Proceedings of TALN 96 (joint session with the Third International Conference on HPSG)", email = "dm@sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de", homepage = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~dm/", title = "The importance of being lazy - Using lazy evaluation to process queries to HPSG grammars", url = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~dm/papers/lazy.ps", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Hinrichs:Nakazawa:96, address = "Copenhagen", author = "Erhard Hinrichs and Tsuneko Nakazawa", booktitle = "Proceedings of COLING 96", organization = "COLING 96", pages = "543--549", title = "Applying Lexical Rules Under Subsumption", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @unpublished{Keller:94, author = "Frank Keller", email = "keller@ims.uni-stuttgart.de", homepage = "http://www-stud.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/~keller/", note = "Unpubl.~ms., Institute for Computational Linguistics, University of Stuttgart", title = "German Functional {HPSG}: An Experimental {CUF}~Encoding", url = "http://www-stud.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/~keller/papers.html", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1994" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @techreport{Keller:94b, author = "Frank Keller", email = "keller@ims.uni-stuttgart.de", homepage = "http://www-stud.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/~keller/", institution = "Institute for Logic and Linguistics, IBM~Heidelberg", number = "30", title = "Extraposition in {HPSG}", type = "Verbmobil Report", url = "http://www-stud.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/~keller/papers.html", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1994" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Keller:95, address = "Universit{\'e} Paris~7", author = "Frank Keller", booktitle = "R{\'e}sum{\'e}s des Communications du Colloque de Syntaxe et S{\'e}mantique de Paris", email = "keller@ims.uni-stuttgart.de", homepage = "http://www-stud.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/~keller/", title = "Underspecified Presuppositions in {HPSG}", url = "http://www-stud.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/~keller/papers.html", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @incollection{Keller:95b, author = "Frank Keller", booktitle = "The {DYANA} Integrated Implementation", email = "keller@ims.uni-stuttgart.de", editor = "David Beaver", homepage = "http://www-stud.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/~keller/", pages = "109--141", publisher = "ILLC/Department of Philosophy, University of Amsterdam", series = "{DYANA-2} Deliverable~R3.7", title = "Integrating an Underspecified Account of Presupposition into {HPSG}", url = "http://www-stud.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/~keller/papers.html", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Keller:95c, address = "Dublin", author = "Frank Keller", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 7th~Conference of the {EACL}", email = "keller@ims.uni-stuttgart.de", homepage = "http://www-stud.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/~keller/", note = "Student Session", pages = "301--306", title = "Towards an Account of Extraposition in {HPSG}", url = "http://www-stud.ims.uni-stuttgart.de/~keller/papers.html", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @book{Kiss:95, address = "Opladen/Wiesbaden", author = "Kiss, Tibor", publisher = "Westdeutscher Verlag", title = "Merkmale und Repr{\"a}sentationen", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @book{Kiss:95b, address = "T\"ubingen", author = "Kiss, Tibor", publisher = "Max Niemeyer Verlag", series = "Linguistische Arbeiten", title = "Infinite Komplementation", volume = "333", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @techreport{Krieger:Schaefer:94, address = "Saarbr\"ucken, Germany", author = "Hans-Ulrich Krieger and Ulrich Sch\"afer", institution = "Deutsches Forschungszentrum f\"ur K\"unstliche Intelligenz", number = "D-94-14", title = "{${\cal T\!D\!L}$}---A Type Description Language for {HPSG}. Part 2: User Manual", type = "DFKI Document", url = "http://cl-www.dfki.uni-sb.de:80/cl/papers/cl-abstracts.html#D-94-14.abstract", year = "1994" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @techreport{Krieger:Schaefer:94b, address = "Saarbr\"ucken, Germany", author = "Hans-Ulrich Krieger and Ulrich Sch\"afer", institution = "Deutsches Forschungszentrum f\"ur K\"unstliche Intelligenz", number = "RR-94-37", title = "{${\cal T\!D\!L}$}---A Type Description Language for {HPSG}. Part 1: Overview", type = "Research Report", url = "http://cl-www.dfki.uni-sb.de:80/cl/papers/cl-abstracts.html#RR-94-37.abstract", year = "1994" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Krieger:Nerbonne:ea:93, address = "Columbus", author = "Hans-Ulrich Krieger and John Nerbonne and Hannes Pirker", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Thirty-First Annual Meeting of the ACL", note = "Also published as Report RR-93-28, DFKI, Saarbr{\"u}cken", organization = "ACL", pages = "140--147", title = "Feature-Based Allomorphy", url = "ftp://cl-ftp.dfki.uni-sb.de/pub/papers/local/RR-93-28.ps.Z", year = "1993" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @incollection{Krieger:Nerbonne:93, address = "Cambridge", author = "Hans-Ulrich Krieger and John Nerbonne", booktitle = "Default Inheritance Within Unification-Based Approaches to the Lexicon", editor = "Ted Briscoe and Ann Copestake and Valeria de Paiva", note = "Also published as Report RR-91-31, DFKI, Saarbr{\"u}cken", pages = "90--136", publisher = "Cambridge University Press", title = "Feature-Based Inheritance Networks for Computational Lexicons", url = "ftp://cl-ftp.dfki.uni-sb.de/pub/papers/local/RR-91-31.ps.Z", year = "1993" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @mastersthesis{Kuthy:96, author = "Kordula De Kuthy", email = "dekuthi@sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de", homepage = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~dekuthi/", school = "Universit{\"a}t T{\"u}bingen", title = "Der Rattenf{\"a}ngereffekt bei Relativ- und Interrogativs{\"a}tzen im Deutschen", url = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~dekuthi/papers/pied_piper.ps", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @unpublished{Malouf:96, author = "Robert Malouf", email = "malouf@csli.stanford.edu", homepage = "http://hpsg.stanford.edu/rob", note = "Paper presented at Third International Conference on HPSG, Marseille", title = "Mixed categories in HPSG", url = "http://hpsg.stanford.edu/rob/papers", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Malouf:96b, author = "Robert Malouf", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Twenty-second Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society", email = "malouf@csli.stanford.edu", homepage = "http://hpsg.stanford.edu/rob", title = "A constructional approach to English verbal gerunds", url = "http://hpsg.stanford.edu/rob/papers", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Meurers:95, address = "Barcelona, Spain", author = "Walt Detmar Meurers", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Formal Grammar Conference", email = "dm@sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de", homepage = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~dm/", title = "Towards a Semantics for Lexical Rules as used in HPSG", url = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~dm/LR/sem.ps.gz", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @misc{Meurers:96, author = "Walt Detmar Meurers", email = "dm@sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de", homepage = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~dm", note = "Paper presented at the Third International Conference on HPSG, Marseille, France. (Version of February 6, 1996)", title = "German Partial-VP Fronting Revisited - Back to Basics", url = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~dm/papers/pvp.ps", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Meurers:Minnen:96, address = "Marseille, France", author = "Walt Detmar Meurers and Guido Minnen", booktitle = "HPSG/TALN Proceedings", email = "minnen@sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de", title = "Off-line Constraint Propagation for Efficient HPSG Processing", url = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~minnen/taln.ps", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @misc{Miller:Sag:95, author = "Philip H. Miller and Ivan A. Sag", email = "sag@csli.stanford.edu", note = "Revised and expanded English version of Une Analyse Lexicaliste des Affixes Pronominaux en Francais. Revue Quebecoise de Linguistique", title = "French Clitic Movement without Clitics or Movement", url = "file://csli.stanford.edu/linguistics/miller-sag-clitics.ps", url_checked = "07.18.96", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Minnen:Gerdemann:ea:95, address = "Dublin, Ireland", author = "Guido Minnen and Dale Gerdemann and Thilo G\"otz", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 7th Conference of the European Chapter of the ACL", homepage = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~minnen/", month = "March 27-31", organization = "Association of Computational Linguistics", pages = "173-179", title = "Off-line Optimization for Earley-style HPSG Processing", url = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~minnen/optimization.ps", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @unpublished{Mueller:94, author = "Stefan M\"uller", email = "stefan@compling.hu-berlin.de", homepage = "http://www.compling.hu-berlin.de/~stefan/", title = "Problems with Complement Extraction Lexical Rules", url = "http://www.compling.hu-berlin.de/~stefan/Pub/e_celr.html", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1994" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Mueller:95, author = "Stefan M\"uller", booktitle = "Proceedings of the tenth Pacific Asia Conference on Language, Information and Computation", email = "stefan@compling.hu-berlin.de", homepage = "http://www.compling.hu-berlin.de/~stefan/", publisher = "City University of Hong Kong", title = "Scrambling in German -- Extraction into the {\it Mittelfeld\/}", url = "http://www.compling.hu-berlin.de/~stefan/Pub/e_scrambling.html", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Mueller:96b, address = "London", author = "Stefan M\"uller", booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on the Practical Application of Prolog", email = "stefan@compling.hu-berlin.de", homepage = "http://www.compling.hu-berlin.de/~stefan/", pages = "263--277", title = "The Babel-System--An HPSG Prolog Implementation, Overview", url = "http://www.compling.hu-berlin.de/~stefan/Pub/e_babel.html", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Mueller:96c, address = "Copenhagen", author = "Stefan M\"uller", booktitle = "Proceedings of COLING 96", email = "stefan@compling.hu-berlin.de", homepage = "http://www.compling.hu-berlin.de/~stefan/", pages = "800-806", title = "Yet another Paper about Partial Verb Phrase Fronting in {German}", url = "http://www.compling.hu-berlin.de/~stefan/Pub/e_pvp.html", url_checked = "07.27.96", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Nerbonne:Laubsch:ea:93, address = "Taipei", author = "John Nerbonne and Joachim Laubsch and Abdel Kader Diagne and Stephan Oepen", booktitle = "Proceedings of Pacific Asia Conference on Formal and Computational Linguistics", editor = "Chu-Ren Huang and Claire Hsun-hui Chang and Keh-jiann Chen and Cheng-Hui Liu", note = "Also available as DFKI Research Report RR-92-55", pages = "35--56", publisher = "Academica Sinica", title = "Software for Applied Semantics", url = "http://www.let.rug.nl/~nerbonne/papers/NLL-tools.ps", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1993" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Nerbonne:Iida:ea:90, address = "Stanford", author = "John Nerbonne and Masayo Iida and William Ladusaw", booktitle = "Proc. of the 9th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics", editor = "Aaron Halpern", pages = "379-394", publisher = "CSLI", title = "Semantics of Common Noun Phrase Anaphora", year = "1990" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Nerbonne:94, address = "Amsterdam", author = "John Nerbonne", booktitle = "Proceedings of the 9th Amsterdam Colloquium", email = "nerbonne@let.rug.nl", editor = "Paul Dekker and Martin Stokhof", homepage = "http://grid.let.rug.nl/~nerbonne/", pages = "487-506", publisher = "Institute for Logic, Language and Computation", title = "A Semantics for Nominal Comparatives", url = "http://www.let.rug.nl/~nerbonne/papers/comparatives.ps", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1994" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @article{Nerbonne:94b, author = "John Nerbonne", email = "nerbonne@let.rug.nl", homepage = "http://grid.let.rug.nl/~nerbonne/", journal = "Computational Linguistics", number = "1", pages = "131-136", title = "Review of M.Rosner and R.Johnson (eds.) {\it Computational Linguistics and Formal Semantics}", url = "http://www.let.rug.nl/~nerbonne/papers/rosner-rev.ps", url_checked = "06.15.96", volume = "20", year = "1994" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @misc{Noord:Bouma:no-year, author = "Gertjan van Noord and Gosse Bouma", homepage = "http://www.let.rug.nl/~vannoord", title = "Dutch Verb Clustering without Verb Clusters", url = "http://www.let.rug.nl/~vannoord/papers/", url_checked = "06.15.96", } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @article{Park:93, author = "Hyomyong Park", email = "hpark@chonnam.chonnam.ac.kr", journal = "Language Research", note = "Seoul National University", number = "1", title = "YONGEO CHUPSOKMYONGSAKUEY ILCHI [Coordinated NP and its Agreement in English]", volume = "29", year = "1993" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @article{Park:, author = "Hyomyong Park", email = "hpark@chonnam.chonnam.ac.kr", journal = "Linguistics", note = "The Korean Linguistics Association", number = "1", title = "A constraint-based analysis of English Wh-construction", volume = "3", year = "To Appear" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Pollard:96, author = "Carl Pollard", booktitle = "Discontinuous Constituency", editor = "Arthur Horck and Wietske Sijtsma", homepage = "http://www.cog.ohio-state.edu/homepage/cfaculty/pollard.html", publisher = "Mouton de Gruyter", title = "On head nonmovement", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @techreport{Przepiorkowski:95, author = "Adam Przepi{\'o}rkowski", homepage = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~adamp/", institution = "Institute of Computer Science, Polish Academy of Sciences", month = "jan", number = "766", title = "Transmisja wymaga{\'n} sk{\l}adniowych [Transmitting subcategorization]", url = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~adamp/transmission.ps.gz", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @mastersthesis{Przepiorkowski:95b, address = "Warszawa", author = "Adam Przepi{\'o}rkowski", homepage = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~adamp/", month = "mar", school = "Warsaw University, Institute of Computer Science", title = "Zastosowanie formalizm{\'o}w o podstawach logicznych do analizy wybranych aspekt{\'o}w jezyka polskiego [Application of logic-based formalisms to the analysis of chosen aspects of Polish]", url = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~adamp/msc.ps.gz", url_checked = "06.15.96", year = "1995" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @incollection{Przepiorkowski:96a, address = "Scotland", author = "Adam Przepi{\'o}rkowski", booktitle = "Edinburgh Working Papers in Cognitive Science, Vol.~12: Studies in {HPSG}", chapter = "6", email = "adamp@sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de", editor = "Claire Grover and Enric Vallduv{\'\i}", homepage = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~adamp/", month = "may", pages = "191--228", publisher = "Centre for Cognitive Science, University of Edinburgh", title = "Case Assignment in {P}olish: Towards an {HPSG} Analysis", url = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~adamp/case.ps.gz", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @unpublished{Przepiorkowski:96b, author = "Adam Przepi{\'o}rkowski", email = "adamp@sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de", homepage = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~adamp/", note = "Paper delivered at the 3rd International Conference on {HPSG}, 20--22 May 1996, {Marseille}, {France}", title = "Non-configurational Case Assignment in {HPSG}", url = "http://www.sfs.nphil.uni-tuebingen.de/~adamp/ap-papers.html", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @misc{Sag:96, author = "Ivan A. Sag", homepage = "http://hpsg.stanford.edu/hpsg/sag.html", note = "Unpublished ms., Stanford University", title = "English Relative Clause Constructions", url = "ftp://csli.stanford.edu/linguistics/rel-pap.ps.gz", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @mastersthesis{Sehitoglu:96, address = "Ankara", author = "Onur Tolga Sehitoglu", month = "January", school = "Dept. of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University", title = "A Sign-Based Phrase Structure Grammar for Turkish", url = "http://xxx.lanl.gov/ps/cmp-lg/9608016", year = "1996" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @inproceedings{Uszkoreit:Backofen:ea:94, author = "Hans Uszkoreit and Rolf Backofen and Stephan Busemann and Abdel Kader Diagne and Elizabeth A.~Hinkelman and Walter Kasper and Bernd Kiefer and Hans-Ulrich Krieger and Klaus Netter and G\"unter Neumann and Stephan Oepen and Stephen P.~Spackman", booktitle = "Proceedings of COLING 94, Kyoto, Japan", note = "Also available as DFKI-Research Report RR-94-38", title = "{DISCO}---An {HPSG}-based {NLP} System and its Application for Appointment Scheduling", url = "http://cl-www.dfki.uni-sb.de:80/cl/papers/cl-abstracts.html#coli.abstract", year = "1994" } --------------------------------------------------------------------------- @unpublished{Wechsler:Arka:96, author = "Stephen Wechsler and I Wayan Arka", email = "wechsler@mail.utexas.edu", homepage = "http://uts.cc.utexas.edu/~wechsler/", month = "May", note = "Paper read at the Third International Conference on Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar, Marseille, France", title = "Balinese Argument Structure and Valence", year = "1996" }